Concrete reinforcement.



E.-D. PITT. CONCRETE REIHFOBOEMENT. APPLICATION FILED um, 19, 1909.

1,037,523. Patented Sept 3,1912.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIon.

ETHELBER'H'I fD. PITT, OF NIAGARA FALLS, ONTARIO, CANADA.

commits nnrnrozacsmnn'r;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sepe. 3, 1912.

Application filed January 19, 1909. Serial No. 473,036.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, ETHELBERHTD. PITT, of Niagara Falls, in the county of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented new'and useful Improvements in Concrete Iteinforcements, of which the following,

1 taken in connection with the accompanying scription.

drawings, is a full, clear, and exact de- This invention relates to certain improvements in concrete reinforcements and 1's particularly applicable to concrete beams, girders and other spans where it is desired to reinforce the concrete against shearing and tensile strains to which it maybe subjected.

The term beams as used in this description defines any concrete span between suitable supports. The length and depth as well as the loads and strains of these beams vary materially in difierent building structures and it is, therefore, desirable to arrange and distribute the reinforcingelements" differently in different beams or spans-to better resist such strains or loads.

I am awarethat it is common practice to use reinforcing bars running lengthwise of the heams-and that these bars are some times provided with integral portions deflected at an angle therefrom for resisting shearing strains, such for example, as what is commonly known as Kalm bars in which th'e;

' len th of thedeflected portions are necesbar so that theyanay be made'of any length and-attached thereto close together or any distance-"apartto produce the desired resistance to shearing strains.' Another ob'ect is to firmly anchor these angular rein orcements to g the continuous bar and to provide them with two or more arms ,or extensions spacedapart so as to {allow the concrete .to l e-"worked through and between thejarms ,for the purpose of binding them more firmly .in the concrete" and at the 'same time reinforcing a greater transverse area of thebeam. than would be ing possible by forming the angle reinforcements integral-with the continuous bar. In

other wordsathe anguiar reinforcing elements extend transversely through a greater cross sectional area of the beam than that of the continuous reinforcing bar thereby obtaining a greater shearing resistance witha less number of continuous bars and avoidexcessive breaking-up of the concrete by .such continuous. bars.-

- Another advantage of my reinforcement is that I am enabled to use commercial rods both for the continuous bar and forjthe' angular reinforcement.

A'stillfurther object is to tie each angular reinforcement by a metal-clip also of commercial stock which not only serves to bind the angular. reinforcements to thecontinu- 011s bar but also serves asa convenient means for supporting the continuous bar the proper distance'from the form in which the concrete is molded.

.Other objects and uses will appear in the following description. Y i

In the drawings-Figure. 1 is an elevation of -my improved concrete reinforcement as applied. to ayconcrete-b'eam which together with a portion of the form is shown in section in connection with a s'uitable support-mg column. F g. 2 1s-an-enlarged top plan of aportion of the continu': ous bar and angular 'rein forcement. Fig.3 is a side elevation of the reinforcement shown in Fig. '2. Fig. 4 is an end viewbf the reinforcement shown in ,Fig. 3, showing the continuous bar in cross seetionand the upper ends of the angle ,arms'spaced apart.

instead of being twisted-together asshown in Figs. 2 and In illustrating'the ass of my improved reinforcement .I haveshown in Fig. 1, the

bottom of-a form '-1' in which a concrete beam 2 is adapted to be molded anth suported by one or more columns -3--.- The-1' reinforcement preferably comprisesij-a' con} i tinuous, commercial bar of steer-bi? -i'j0o other suitable metahone or more metal clips or stirrups -;-5-'- and acofrespondmg number of angular reinforcements Inthis I instance, :the' continuous. reinforcing-- bar -'4- is square. ,in-cross section but. may be of any other form ,or deformation from a 1 commercial-- stock bar and it s usually on, bedded in ,.the-.c.oncrete some distance in. l

wardly' from its exterior surface as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

The metal clips or stirrups are identical and each consists of a strap of 5 metal made from commercial stock and bent into the form. of a U-sliape chair having its r with the seat, 7, said junctions constitl'y at the sides and over the top of the b r -4 where theyv are twisted together close to said bar 4-. so as to firmly lock the stirrup and angular reinforcement to the continuous bar.

The portions ofthdarnisof the angular reinforcement 6 above the twist 10- in this relative position as far as may be desirable depending somewhat upon athe depth of the beam and angle with the main a reinforcing bar but terminate within the j upper surface of the beam some distance above the reinforcing barfl4 where they '1' may be deflected longitudinally" parallel with the main reinforcing bar 1-and I twisted at intervals: as illustrated by the innermost bars'in Figs. 1, 2 and 3-or may be cut oif at the tops leaving the'upper' ends of the angular" reinforcing arms spacedapartas shown in Fig. 4: and also at the right and left of the innermost angular reinforcement in Fig. 1.-

It will be observed upon reference to Fig. ljthat the two arms of the angle reinforcements 6 are spaced apart a greater-disfance than the transverse width of the main reinforcing element '4lwhich affords a 'comparatively broad area of angular reinforcement for each car and at the same time permits the concrete to be worked through and 'between'said arms thereby tying a. -considerable cross sectional area of' 160 the concrete to each continuous bar' wliich affords a maximum shearing reinforcement with a minimum number of tensile reinforcing bars -4. and avoids excessive splitting up of the body of the concrete.

In assembling the parts, the intermediate preferably consist of commercial wire-rods saddled on the bar l, portions bent down and-under the junctions of the legs -5' tuting -loops 9 at, opposite sides of: the 5 bar 4.. The opposite arms of the angular reinforcements are then drawn up are spaced some distance apart and continue with said bar; Y

or central portion of the clip '5 is depressed toconform to the transverse con-.,

tour of the reinforcing element so as to closely fit the bottom and portions of the sides thereof leaving the-ends temporarily extending in opposite directions substantially parallel with the intermediate portion.' The central portion of the wire rod 6 is then similarly stamped .or pressedupwardly toconform to andclosely fit the upper surface and sides of the reinforcing bar 4 forming a saddle which rests upon the top of the bar, the ends ofthe wirerod beingthen drawn. along the laterally projecting arms 8- of the stirrup 5 and are brought together across each other directly over the bar where they are twisted and the ends allowed to project upwardly some distance apart and usually parallel with each other, the laterally pro jecting ends or the stirrup 5- being bent or drawn'downwardly tightly. to form the legs .8. and to firmly lock both the stir rup andthe saddle to the bar 4.. This operation may be performed on the ground 9 or where the building is being erected and permits the angular reinforcing elements to be spaced the desired distance apart and out and bentto the desired length and angle.

I What I claim is: I

1. A concrete reinforcement comprising a tensile reinforcing bar,asuppo'4ting members engaging the bottom and sides of said bar and projecting downwardly some distance therefrom for engaging the .form and sup- 10C porting the bar some distance above such form, shearing members having their central portions interlocked with said bar' and its supporting member: and its opposite sides twisted upon each other close to and across the top of the bar and. projecting upwardly and horizontally therefrom.-

A 2.,A concrete reinforcement comprising a tensile reinforcing bar, a supporting clip and-a shearing rod engaging opposite sides of the bar and interlocked with each other at-the sides and top of the bar said shearing rodhaving upwardlyv extending port-ions spaced apart and its ends disposed parallel 3.. A concrete reinforcementcomprising a 'tensile reinforcing bar, an inverted U- shaped chair for the bar'having its central portion disposed and engaged with the :bottom and'sides of said bar, and a shear- 12( ing rod having lts intermedlate portion resting upon-the topof the bar and-its opposite'a'rms interlocked with the opposite arms of the-chair-and extending upwardly above the bar- 'some distance apart and parallel 12: with said bar. I 4. -A' concrete reinforcement comprising a tensile reinforcing bar, a clip having its central portion depressed and forming a seat for the, bark and its ends projecting 13 .downwar'dly some distance below said bar, portions spaced apart and parallel with the .and a. shearing 'rod having its intermediate bar.-

portionresting. 6n the top of the bar and its In witness whereof I. have hereunto set 'opposite arms looped aroundthe under side my hand this 15th day of January 1909.

5 of the a rm's of the U-shaped clip and ex- A ETHELBERHT D. PITT.

tended upwardlyabovethe bar 'the arms of Witnesses: said shearing rod being twists" close to the ROMAN R. HOLDEN, upper face of "the'barand. their remaining Tmionom: H. Smxmn. 

